Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy in Neurological Diseases
نویسندگان
چکیده
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is used to treat a number of immune deficiencies and autoimmune diseases. The pharmacokinetic proprieties of IVIg in healthy persons are well defined. The broad range of clinical applications of IVIg shows the importance of immunoglobulins in the immune homeostasis in healthy people. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is an immunomodulating agent that has multiple activities. IVIg can be administrated in different ways (intramuscular, subcutaneous, or intravenous) and have a half-life of 21 to 30 days. IVIg is used to treat: epilepsy and pediatric intractable Guillain-Barré syndrome, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, miastenia gravis, Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome, multifocal motor neuropathy, multiple sclerosis. However, the therapeutical indications for IVIg use progressively expanded. The means of increased specificity of IVIg therapy should include both patient-related variables (clinical manifestations, laboratory parameters, response to other therapeutic modalities) and drug-related characteristics such as specific idiotypes’ concentration within IVIg. Rezumat Imunoglobulinele administrate intravenos (i.v.) sunt folosite în tratamentul a numeroase deficienţe imune şi boli autoimune. Proprietăţile farmacocinetice ale imunoglobulinelor cu administrare pe cale intravenoasă (Ig i.v.) la persoanele sănătoase sunt foarte bine cunoscute. Utilizarea pe scară largă a Ig i.v. a demonstrat importanţa Ig în homeostazia imunologică la subiecţii aparent sănătoşi. Imunoglobulinele cu administrare intravenoasă constituie agenţi de imunomodulare cu activităţi multiple. Imunoglobulinele pot fi administrate pe diferite căi (intramuscular, subcutanat sau i.v.), timpul de înjumătăţire este între 21-30 zile. Imunoglobulinele sunt folosite în tratamentul epilepsiei, sindromului Guillain-Barré la copii, polineuropatiei demielinizante inflamatorii cronice, miasteniei FARMACIA, 2011, Vol. 59, 6 738 gravis, sindromului miastenic Lambert-Eaton, neuropatiei motorii multifocale, sclerozei multiple. Indicaţiile pentru folosirea Ig devin tot mai numeroase. Eficienţa tratamentului cu Ig depinde atât de pacient (manifestările clinice şi paraclinice, răspunsul la alte modalităţi de tratament) cât şi de caracteristicile legate de tratamentul cu Ig.
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